2016考研英语：句型翻译点拨 9类虚拟句型

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攻克考研英语翻译要把握各类句型的特点，找到翻译点和逻辑顺序才能攻克长难句，进而攻克翻译大关。下面整理总结常见十大句型结构一一为大家解读，希望考生能够提升翻译技巧和能力。

1、由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气

The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it.

---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.”

---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.”

I wish that he weren’t so lazy.

2、had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。

His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later.

3、would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如：

I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.

我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。

4、It’s (high, about) time that 句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。

It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.

现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了。

5、as, 或者whether…or…谓语多用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法通常采用倒装结构：

Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamivc, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.

The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.

6、由连接词in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might, would)+动词原形，例如：

She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold.

她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。

7、if it were not for…与现在事实相反， if it had not been for与过去事实相反，两个都相当于but for：

If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded.

8、虚拟语气用于as if(though)引起的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与wish宾语从句的形式相同。例如：She often laughs spontaneously, and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.她常常发出发自内心的微笑，而且她那美好的情绪像天上一道明亮的阳光一样，常常流露出来。

They talked as if they had been friends for years.

他们交谈着，就好像他们是我年的老朋友一样。

9、其它各种句型, as though, suppose, had rather, supposing, if only等等

If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I buried my head in my hands for a cry.