构建考研词汇量的秘诀

经验交流来源：中公考研 2016-01-19　

随着你语言能力的发展，下面这些方法都可以用来改善和构建你的词库。

1.Choose a specific theme for building vocabulary

1.选择一个特定的主题来构建词汇量

When building vocabulary, you can guide yourself by focusing on a specific theme for the words you're learning. Pick a context or a specific topic -- say, sports, or words associated with feelings -- then study words related to that topic.

在构建词汇量时，你可以引导自己专注于某个特定的主题来学习单词。选择一个背景或特定的话题--比如，运动或与感受相关的词汇 - 再学习与该话题相关的词汇。

Words describing emotions is an interesting choice, for instance, as it includes words like enthusiastic and excited. The category of sports words, on the other hand, includes exciting words like throw, spin, or marathon.

描述的情感的词汇是一个有趣的选择。例如，它包含了像enthusiastic(热情)和excited(兴奋)之类的单词。另一方面，运动类别的词汇，包括像throw(掷)，spin(旋转)，或marathon(马拉松)之类等令人激动的词语。

You could also study “travelling around town” words like sidewalk, intersection, or pavement; or words related to everyday life, like foods available at the supermarket. You could even study words about school work!

你也可以学习在镇上旅游之类的词语，像人行道，十字路口，或者路面;或与日常生活中相关的单词，比如，超市里可见的食物。甚至你可以学习与学校作业有关的单词!

Whatever theme you pick, create stories in your mind and speak them aloud using words related to that theme.

无论你选择何种主题，在脑子里编一个故事，再以与那个主题相关的单词大声地说出来。

2.Tips for easily memorizing your words

2.轻松记忆单词的技巧

When you have settled on vocabulary words, write them down or print them out. Carry the list with you always. In the pauses of your busy day-when you're sitting on the bus, in the dentist's office, during commercials-take out the paper and review your vocabulary words until you feel comfortable that you would recognize (and be able to use) these words the next time you see them. Use sticky notes and put them on computers, on cupboards, and other places you're likely to see them, as a reminder.

当你选中了单词，把它们写出来或者打印出来。随时随地携带在身边。在繁忙的一天中的休息时间里--当你在公交车上，在牙科诊所，在宣传期间--拿出小纸条，复习一下单词直到你觉得自己下次看到的时候能认识(并能够使用)。使用便利贴，把它们粘在计算机上，橱柜上，和其他你容易看到的地方，作为一种提醒。

Try jumbling the letters of your vocabulary words up, then unscrambling them to form the word again. Work with the words until you are very comfortable using them in sentences on your own.

试着把你的词汇表中的单词混在一起，梳理之后再形成单词。好好学习这些单词直到你自己能自如地运用在句子中。

Remembering the words is very important! How do we do this? Try to associate each word with a picture or some other representation in your mind. This will help you remind yourself of the word's meaning. You don't have to actually draw or see this picture -- you can use your imagination to create suitable images!

记住单词是非常重要的事!我们要怎么做到这一点呢?尽量将每个单词与一幅图片或其他能在你脑海中浮现的东西联系起来。这将帮助你记忆这个词的意思。你不必实际描绘或看到这幅图片--你可以用你的想象力创造出合适的图像!

It's also important to not try to learn more than 7-10 new words in a day. Generally, it's safer to aim for 5-6 words a day for better retention. This, of course, depends on how much time you have each day for studying vocabulary.

请记住，每天试着学习的新单词不要超过7-10。一般情况下，将每天的目标定为5-6个新单词更为安全，这样记忆效果更好。当然，这取决于你每天有多少时间来学习词汇。

3.Read whatever you're interested in

3.阅读任何你感兴趣的内容

Pick out something you want to read in your target language. As you read, underline the words you don't understand. Then you should write them down within a sentence so you can see how each word fits into the sentence. Repeat the words until you are very familiar with them.

筛选一些你想读的内容，是你目标语言的版本。当你阅读时，将你不理解的部分划线标注。随后你应该将它们以一个句子写下来，这样你就可以看到每个单词是如何恰如其分地适合这个句子。重复这些单词直到你非常熟悉它们。

4.Make sure you learn new forms of new words

4.确保你掌握新单词的新形式

Some words have many different forms, like silent (adjective)， silently (adverb) and silence (noun)。 Practice forming sentences which the different forms of these words, and try to use as many forms of the words in sentences as possible.

有些单词有很多不同的形式，像silent 安静的(形容词)， silently 安静地(副词)和 silence无声(名词)。练习用这些单词的不同形式来造句，并尽可能多地在句子中尝试单词的不同形式。

A good way to combine this practice with your grammar learning is by thinking about each word and identifying which part of speech it is. Is it a noun, a verb, an adjective, or an adverb? It can help you to understand how those different parts of speech are formed. For instance, you can make a plural noun by adding an s, or an adverb by adding ly.

一个比较好的方法是将这样的练习与你的语法学习结合起来，思考每一个单词，确认它在句子中是属于哪一部分，是名词，动词，形容词还是副词?这样可以帮助你了解一个句子中不同的部分是如何组成的。例如，你可以通过添加一个s得到一个复数名词，或者在形容词后加ly得到一个副词。

For example: beauty is a noun, beautify is a verb, and beautiful is an adjective. Use them in sentences differently.

例如：beauty(美丽)是一个名词， beautify (美化)是一个动词，而beautiful(美丽的)是一个形容词。它们在句子中用法不同。

5.Listen attentively to all conversations

5.认真倾听所有对话

Whether it's the news in English, a movie, or a class lecture, pay attention to what's being said! Make note of the words that you didn't understand.

无论是英语新闻，电影，或一个讲座，注意倾听所说的内容!记下你听不懂的话。

6.Always keep a dictionary at hand

6. 随时随地带一本字典在手

When you find an unfamiliar word, refer to the dictionary for an explanation. Browse through words and make them your friends. Whichever new words you hear and read, mark them in the dictionary. Keep a tab of the number of words that you have mastered. Keep a goal for a week, for a month and so on.

当你发现一个陌生的单词，查找一下字典上的解释。通过浏览文字，熟悉它们。无论你听到还是看到新词，在字典里标注它们。将你已经掌握的单词数量做一个标签。每个星期、每个月都为自己定一个目标。

When you meet your first goal -- and for each subsequent goal you complete -- treat yourself! Go out and celebrate, because you're learning vocabulary!

当你完成自己的第一个目标--以及后续你完成的每一个目标--奖励一下自己!出去好好庆祝，因为你正在学习词汇!

Happy learning!

请快乐地学习!