考研名师例句:状语从句英译汉方法解析
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fox9319
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发表于 2011-09-10 20:30
楼主
英语
状语从句包括表示时间、原因、条件、让步、目的等等各种从句。
一、时间状语从句 1. 译成相应的时间状语 1 )与原文顺序一致 While she spoke, the tearswere running down. 她说话时,泪水直流。 2 )后置改前置 Please turn off the lightwhen you leave the room. 离屋时请关灯。 2 .译成 “ 刚(一) …… 就 ……” 的句式: When I reached the beach, Icollapsed. 我一游到海滩,就昏倒了。 3 .译成并列的分句: 1 )译文前置 They set him free when hisransom had not yet been paid. 他还没有交赎金,他们就把他释放了。 2 )后置不变 I was about to speak whenMr. Smith cut in. 我正想讲,史密斯先生就插嘴了。 二、原因状语从句 1 .译成表 “ 因 ” 的分句: 1 ) “ 因 ” 在 “ 果 ” 之前 The crops failed because theseason was dry. 因为气候干旱,作物歉收。 2 ) “ 果 ” 在 “ 因 ” 之前 She could get away withanything, because she looked such a baby. 她能渡过任何风险,因为她看上去简直还像娃娃模样。 2 .译成因果偏正复句中的主句: Pure iron is not used inindustry because it is too soft. 纯铁太软,所以不用在工业上。 Because he was convinced ofthe accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion. 他深信这件事正确可靠,因此坚持己见。 3 .译成无关联词的因果关系并列分句: Where there is sound, theremust be sound waves. 哪里有声音,哪里就必有声波。 After all, it did not matter much, because in24 hours,they were going to be free. 反正关系不大, 24 小时以后他们就自由了。 三、表示条件的状语从句 1. 译成表示条件的分句,汉语一般前置: When this question isanswered, even better and cheaper magnetic materials can be developed. 如果这一问题得到解决,就能研制出更好、更便宜的磁性材料。 2 .译成表示 “ 假设 ” 的分句,一般前置: If one of them collapsed, asthey often did, the guide used to carry him over the mountains. 如果其中一个人垮了,这种事常在他们中间发生,向导就要背着他过山, 3 .译成补充说明情况的分句,一般后置: You can drive tonight if youare ready. 你今晚就可以出车,如果你愿意的话。 四、表示让步的状语从句 1 .译成表示 “ 让步 ” 的分句,一般前置: While this is true of some,it is not true of all. 虽有部分如此,但不见得全部如此。 I still think that you madea mistake while l admit what you say. 就算你说得对,我仍认为你做错了。 1 . 译成表示 “ 无条件 ” 的条件分句,一般前置 Plugged into theintercommunication system, the man can now communicate with the rest of the crew no matterwhat noise is going on about him 。 不管周围是多么喧闹,插头一接上机内通话系统,他就能和同机其余的人通话。 五、表示目的的状语从句 1 .译成表示 “ 目的 ” 的前置分句,常用 “ 为了 ” 、 “ 省(免)得 ” 、 “ 以免 ” 、 “ 以便 ” 、 “ 生怕 ” 等引导: They stepped into ahelicopter and flew high in the sky in order that they might have a bird’s eyeview of the city . 为了对这个城市作一鸟瞰,他们跨进直升机,凌空飞行。 1 . 译成表示 “ 目的 ” 的后置分句,常用 “ 省(免)得 ” 、 “ 以免 ” 、 “ 以便 ” 、 “ 使得 ” 、 “ 生伯 ” 等引导 The murderer ran away asfast as he could so that he might not be caught. 凶手尽快地跑开,以免被人抓住。 |
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